Ring screen crusher

ABSTRACT

A ring crusher including a plurality of crushing rings supported upon a transverse shaft fixed to a vibrating screen frame and adapted to crush solid material between the ring and an anvil bar fixed to the frame beneath the rings. An upwardly inclined anvil skirt is fixed adjacent the front edge of the anvil bar to support a reserve of uncrushed material adjacent the anvil bar. The anvil skirt terminates in a front lip over which excess uncrushed material falls.

United States Patent [191 Bogie RING SCREEN CRUSHER [76] inventor: Nelson H. Bogie, Rt. 1, Gilbertsville,

[ June 28, 1974 Primary Examiner--R0y Lake Assistant Examiner-E. F. Desmond Attorney, Agent, or FirmHarrington A. Lackey 5 7 ABSTRACT A ring crusher including a plurality of crushing rings supported upon a transverse shaft fixed to a vibrating screen frame and adapted to crush solid material between the ring and an anvil bar fixed to the frame beneath the rings. An upwardly inclined anvil skirt is fixed adjacent the front edge of the anvil bar to support a reserve of uncrushed material adjacent the anvil bar. The anvil skirt terminates in a front lip over which excess uncrushed material falls.

8 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures RING SCREEN CRUSIIER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an apparatus for comminuting solid particles, and more particularly to a ring crusher.

Ring crushers are known in the art. Such crushers include a plurality of rings which freely hang upon a transverse shaft or .rod fixed to a vibrating screen frame. An anvil bar is also fixed transversely of the frame immediately below the transverse shaft for supporting solid particles to be crushed by the vibrating crusher rings. Usually a ring crusher includes a series of crushing rings and anvils fixed above corresponding screens of successively gradually decreasing sizes in a cascade effect, in order to successively classify the solid crushed particles into various sizes.

One problem with a ring crusher is that an excessive amount of solid particles may be fed between the anvil and the crushing rings, forcing the rings upward so high that they lose their effectiveness for crushing the solid particles against the anvil member. In other words, the space between the crushing rings and the anvil member may become jammed with excessive solid particles.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of this invention to overcome the above problem by providing an anvil skirt projecting forward from the anvil member a limited distance and terminating in a front lip. The solid particles are fed upon the anvil skirt, which perferably declines rearward, and functions as a reservoir or control for gradually feeding 'a substantially uniform amount of solid particles to the anvil member for crushing. Excessive uncrushed material is permitted to drop over the front edge, or lip, of the anvil skirt, upon the screen beneath the anvil member, where it will be fed to the next set of crushing rings. The crushed-material will drop from the rear edge of the anvil member upon the screen below for classification. The anvil skirt is also preferably curved in the feed direction, concave upward, gradually diverging from the crushing rings and, if circular, having a radius greater than the radius of the crushing rings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. .1 is a top plan view of a ring crusher made in accordance with this invention;

FIG. 2 is a section taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary section of a ring crushing unit disclosed in FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the drawings in more detail, the ring crusher apparatus includes a frame 11 having spaced parallel vertical side walls 12 and 13. At the front end of the frame 11 is an inlet chute 14 adapted to feed solid particles such as 15 (FIG. 3) longitudinally through the frame 11 for crushing.

The frame 11 is provided with a longitudinally continuous, lower screen panel 17 extending transversely between the side walls 12 and I3, declining rearward, and extending the entire length of the frame 11 from front to rear. The crushedand uncrushed particles too An inlet screen panel 20 extends from the front end of the frame 11 a short distance, declining rearward and terminating at the top edge or ledge 21 of a partition wall 22. The partition wall 22 extends transversely between the side walls 12 and 13 and declines forward slightly less than 90 to the horizontal. Declining rearward from the bottom edge of the first partition wall 22 is a second short screen panel 23, which terminates at the top edge of a second partition wall 24 parallel to the partition wall 22. Extending from the bottom edge of the partition wall 24 is a third screen panel 25 terminating at the top edge of a third partition wall 26 parallel to the partition walls 22 and 24. Another short screen panel 27 declines rearward from the bottom edge of the third partition wall 26 and terminates in a free rear edge 28.

Mounted above each of the short screen panels 23, 25 and 27 are the respective crushing units 30, 31 and 32. A fourth crushing unit 33 is mounted within the frame 11 at the rear end of the rear edge 28 of the screen panel 27.

The ring crusher unit includes a shaft 35 fixed transversely between the side walls 12 and 13. Hanging loosely about the shaft 35 are a plurality of heavy crusher rings 36. The inner diameters of the rings 36 are substantially greater than the outer diameter of the shaft 35, so that the rings 36 are free and move in a vertical plane relative to the shaft 35 in limited amounts, when the frame 11 is vibrated. The inner surface of each ring 36 is preferably lined with a resilient material, such as Neoprene 37.

Fixed transversely beneath the unit 30 and between the side walls 12 and 13 is an anvil member 38. The top surface 39 of the anvil member 38 is spaced vertically below the shaft 35 at a distance to permit the bottom of the ring 36, when hanging stationary upon the shaft 35 to be contiguous or nearly contiguous, with the top surface 39. As the frame 11 is vibrated, the ring 36 will reciprocate vertically, as well in other random directions, to pound or crush particles located upon the top surface 39 of the anvil member 38.

As best disclosed in FIGS. 2 and 3 an anvil skirt 40, preferably made of sheet metal of sufficient strength is fixed transversely between the side walls 12 and 13 in such a position that its rear edge abuts the front of the anvil member 38 and the top surface of the skirt 40 is substantially coextensive with the top crushing surface 39 of the anvil member 38.

The skirt 40 terminates in a free front edge or lip 41 spaced rearward of the adjacent partition wall 22. The skirt 40 is preferably disposed in front of the anvil member 38 in an attitude which may range from substantially a horizontal plane through the top surface 39, to an upward position slightly spaced from the crusher ring 36. As disclosed in the drawings, the skirt 40 is curved or arcuate, specifically in the form of a circular segment concave upward, which diverges forward from the lower surface of the crusher ring 36. Both the length and the attitude of the anvil skirt 40 are such that a quantity of uncrushed particles 15 may be supported on the skirt 40 until the particles upon the anvil surface 39 have been crushed and disposed of upon the screen panel 23. Then the successive uncrushed particles l5 gravitate into crushing position upon the anvil 38. The attitude and dimensions of the skirt 40 are also such that an excessive quantity of uncrushed particles will not be supported upon the skirt 40, but will drop over the front lip 40 down upon the screen panel 23. Thus, the anvil skirt 40 functions as a metering reservoir for controlling the feed of uncrushed particles 15 to the crushing site upon the anvil surface 39 within the capacity of the crusher unit 30. An excessive number of uncrushed particles 15 could jam between the anvil surface 39 and thecrusher ring 36 to force the crusher ring 36 upward, limit its vibration; and therefore reduce its crushing efficiency.

The front lip 41 is not only spaced rearward from the declining partition wall 22 a sufficient distance to per mit adequate overflow of excessive uncrushed particles 15, but is preferably in substantial vertical alignment with the top ledge 21 so that particles gravitating rearward over the screen panel will drop upon the top surface of the anvil skirt 40.

The anvil skirt 40 also diverges forward to permit the space between the skirt 40 and the adjacent outer surface of the crusher ring 36 to gradually increase forward to prevent jamming of the particles 15. To this end, the arcuate skirt 40, if circular, has a greater radius than the outer radius of the ring 36.

Each of the crusher units 31, 32, 33 and constructed identically to the crusher unit 30.

In order to vibrate the frame 11, a pair of eccentric mechanisms are formed in the walls 12 and 13, including a fixed annular collar 45 containing a circular cam 46 locatable within the collar 45. The cam 46 is eccentrically mounted upon a rotary shaft 47, upon which is fixed a driven sprocket 48. The sprockets 48 on both eccentric mechanisms are coupled by endless chains 49 to drive sprockets 50, which are driven by the-motor 51 mounted upon a stationary support frame 52.

In the operation of the apparatus 10, the motor 51 is energized to drive the eccentric mechanism 45 46, causing the frame 11 to vibrate. The solid particles to be crushed are fed from the chute 14 upon the first vibrating screen panel 20. The screened particles from the vibrating panel 20 are deposited upon the long lower screen 17 for further classification, from which fines drop through the outlet chute 53. The particles incapable of passing through the screen panel 20 pass over the top ledge 21 upon the anvil skirt 40 of the first crusher unit 30 where the particles accumulate to a maximum quantity. The excess particles overflow between the front lip 41 and the partition wall 22 upon the screen panel 23. The uniformly fed uncrushed particles l5 gradually move upon the top surface 39 of the anvil 38 where they are beaten and crushed by the heavy crusher rings 36 which are vigorously slung or whipped around the vibrating shaft 35. The crushed materials 55 (FlG. 3) are then discharged over the rear edge of the anvil member 38 where they are classified by the screen panel 23. The fines screened by the panel 23 are again classified by the continuous screen panel 17 where the screened or pulverized material discharges through the outlet chute 53, and the heavier material gravitates down the panel 17 and down the discharge chute 18. The heavier crushed particles which do not pass through the screen panel 23 gravitate down and over the upper edge of the partition wall 24 where they are acted upon by the crusher unit 31. functioning in the same manner as the crusher unit 30. The screen panels 25 and 27, as well as the crusher units 32 and 33, perform the same functions as the screen panels 20 and 23 and the crusher units 30 at subsequent stages of classification.

It is therefore believed that a superior ring crusher apparatus has been developed, which will function more efficiently than previously known ring crushers, by virtue of the controlled feeding of the uncrushed materials to each crusher unit by their respective anvil skirts 40.

What is claimed is:

1. A ring crusher comprising:

a. a frame having a front end and a rear end and a front-to-rear feed direction,

b. a shaft fixed in said frame transversely of said feed direction,

0. a crushing ring having an inner diameter substantially greater than the greatest cross-sectional dimension of said shaft, freely hanging around said shaft,

d. an anvil member fixed in said frame, at least a portion of said anvil member being spaced vertically beneath said shaft a distance sufficient to permit said ring to crush solid material between said ring and said anvil member,

e. an anvil skirt fixed relatively to said anvil member, transversely of said feed direction, and projecting forward at an attitude between a horizontal plane substantially coinciding with the top crushing surface of said anvil member and the adjacent from outer surface of said ring, for supporting uncrushed material adjacent said anvil member, and

I means for vibrating said frame to cause said ring to crush material between said ring and said anvil member.

2. The invention according to claim 1 in which said anvil skirt terminates in a front lip spaced from said anvil member.

3. The invention according to claim 2 in which said anvil skirt inclines forward.

4. The invention according to claim 3 in which said anvil skirt is curved in said feed direction, concave upward, and diverging forward from said crusher ring.

5. The invention according to claim 2 further comprising a transverse feed ledge vertically spaced above said front lip to permit the feeding of solid material over said ledge upon said skirt, a space in front of said lip to permit excess uncrushed material on said skirt to drop over said front lip.

6. The invention according to claim 5 further comprising a screen panel fixed to said frame transversely beneath said anvil member and said anvil skirt.

7. The invention according to claim 6 in which said screen panel declines rearward.

8. The invention according to claim 7 in which said feed ledge is the top edge of a solid partition wall fixed to said frame transversely of said feed direction, said partition wall declining forward, intercepting said screen panel and creating said space in front of said lip. 

1. A ring crusher comprising: a. a frame having a front end and a rear end and a front-to-rear feed direction, b. a shaft fixed in said frame transversely of said feed direction, c. a crushing ring having an inner diameter substantially greater than the greatest cross-sectional dimension of said shaft, freely hanging around said shaft, d. an anvil member fixed in said frame, at least a portion of said anvil member being spaced vertically beneath said shaft a distance sufficient to permit said ring to crush solid material between said ring and said anvil member, e. an anvil skirt fixed relatively to said anvil member, transversely of said feed direction, and projecting forwaRd at an attitude between a horizontal plane substantially coinciding with the top crushing surface of said anvil member and the adjacent front outer surface of said ring, for supporting uncrushed material adjacent said anvil member, and f. means for vibrating said frame to cause said ring to crush material between said ring and said anvil member.
 2. The invention according to claim 1 in which said anvil skirt terminates in a front lip spaced from said anvil member.
 3. The invention according to claim 2 in which said anvil skirt inclines forward.
 4. The invention according to claim 3 in which said anvil skirt is curved in said feed direction, concave upward, and diverging forward from said crusher ring.
 5. The invention according to claim 2 further comprising a transverse feed ledge vertically spaced above said front lip to permit the feeding of solid material over said ledge upon said skirt, a space in front of said lip to permit excess uncrushed material on said skirt to drop over said front lip.
 6. The invention according to claim 5 further comprising a screen panel fixed to said frame transversely beneath said anvil member and said anvil skirt.
 7. The invention according to claim 6 in which said screen panel declines rearward.
 8. The invention according to claim 7 in which said feed ledge is the top edge of a solid partition wall fixed to said frame transversely of said feed direction, said partition wall declining forward, intercepting said screen panel and creating said space in front of said lip. 